Drying apparatus



Jan; 16, 1951 D. HALLENBERG E1;ALI 2,538,353

DRYING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed April 1, 1946 Fig.1

"In-"nun" 1 Fig.3

INVENTORS HARRY DANIEL HALLENBERG 1951 H. D. HALLENBERG ETAL 2,538,353

DRYING APPARATUS Filed April 1, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fig.6 Fig.4 34 .34 34 I 7 6 I \F a b 2 y 1 12 INVENTbRS HARRY DANIEL HALLENBERG HANNU JYRKl AURAMO ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 16, 1951 DRYIN G APPARATUS.

Harry Daniel Hallenbergiantflanmr J yrki -Auram0, Helsingfors,=Finlansl Application April .1, IMG SeriaI No.;65 8,7,-53

'10 Clairns. 11

The inventionrelates to fdrying apparatus and has for its object to provide an apparatus of this type adapted particularly for the drying of moist or wetgmaterial such as brick, ceramics and .the like before the'burning, and further contemplates methods of operating such an apparatus which apparatus is simple'in constructionand very efficient in operation. Otherob jects will a pear from the following claims and from the description of an embodiment of'the apparatus according to the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

jiFig; 1 is a sectional elevation of adrying apparatus constructed in, accordance with the invention, the sectionbeingfltaken'on the broken line Fig. 2 15a plan-view of-the-drying apparatus with parts broken away;

VF ig.,,3is a detail on an'enlarged scale on the 1ine"III-'III, Figsz 'Fig. 4isa detail 'on anenlarged'scale on the line IVIV, Fig. 2;

"Fig. 5is asectional-elevation on the'1ine-'V'V, i l;

'Figx6'is ardetail-onan enlarged scale of a-part ofFig. 5.

"The apparatus consists-of a housing I of=suitable dimensions, said i housing in I the -'illustrated embodiment 'being :of rectangular form. The

a'l layer" 2 ('Fig.="2) of suitable insulation material. The housing Iis "divided into twomain chambers by means of walls-3-and 4,-and the space between these walls -is utilized as a supply duct 5for fresh'air andasan exhaust duct 6 for moist air, the ducts -being separated; by a wall "I. j Each maini chamber is divided intoaeplurality of subchambers-t by partitions 9. The partitions are provided with openings I II and I I alternately l locate'd at theputerwall I "and: the inner 1 walls 3 and 4' respectively thus allowing for a zigzag path 'for t-he drying 'mediumYduring'operation. Dampers IZof-any. suitable kind are arranged inthe openings =II so that the subchambers 8 can-be 'shut -off-from'.the main body of the drying apparatus in pairs. .Each pair of subcharnbers 8 is provided with one lower opening- I3 and one upper opening I4 givingsam are placed.- in registry :with 1 the partitions. 9 -.of

walls "of therhousing are preferably lagged: with ,2 the adjacent subchamberist, sothat smallccqm partments 427i and'.22 are termed. 'JOpenirlgs I,-9 andiflare providedinthe partitions l1 and 1,8 and, in eachopening suitable dampers;2 5 and '26, respectively are mounted. Each compartment El and 122 is thus provided ,With an opening [5, 29,,respectively, to the exhaust duct 6 and',an opening It to oneof theendsubchamhers18. Inaccordance with, thisv invention, however, each par ment .122, ,2, I is ,iurther provided with an opening '24 and respect vely, to the other adjacent end suhchambers ,8, which 1 openings "23 and 24 a ,pr vided with suita le .damperslzl and 428, r s ectively. A1l....ciamp r,,s,mentioned above, may,forlinstancabeof thehutterfly typei The adjustment ,ofiall dampers is. made by ex ternally located devices not'shown onthe drawings since they mayibe of, any suitablejkiflfl,

The supply .duct,5 is provided with anilllc opening 29 connected to aduct'all irom ausource of heat for instance ,an ,air ,prehe'ater or j'flue gases from a ,furnace. ,Theexhaust duct 6 11s provided with van..out1et;3Iconnected J0 a duct 32 andlaefan' 33 is arrangedjnthis 'duct'32'1to cause a current of fdryirlg'zmcdium throu h'the dryingapparatus.

,In the preferred arrangement -of the drying; apparatus illustratediin the drawings the cham= hers 8 are openat thetopfforloading and unloading thematerial' tobe'treated. When the drying apparatus is operated these openings ;are closed by means ,of;coversi; 34, "one, vcover for each subchamber 8. For? large idrying apparatus :two or more covers for each subchamber-may be used. The joints between. the covers*34 and the walls I, '3 and iqonthe drying apparatus and the partitions 9 are made air-tight hymeans of tightening devices, preferably in "form of sandtraps'tt as shown inFigure BL In order to" facilitate theloading and unload- 7 ing -of the *drying "apparatus the goods to lee treated may be piled on special loading devices comprising a number ofishelves tttarra-ngedlon a frame-work fi'l provided rwith hooks; 38. or? the like-for connection" to azlifting device 39. rThiS lifting device may-he uofriany suitablekind lad is also utilized;iorreperatingr hec vers 34 .wlh ch are provided ,with hooksAIl. ,JIfhe .loadingdevices may either be placed-(direct. on theiloor ,of the drying. apparatus or .hanged..0n,.speci,al supports on the partitions .9.

The drying apparatusmay also be equipped with internalt heatineud vices thu a l w efo theudryin rateto ,be maintained at a sufficient valueand the entropy of the drying-medium vthe subchambers C2, D1

being raised through the drying apparatus. In the preferred embodiment shown in the drawings, heating coils 4| are placed in the openings ID of the partitions 9. Each coil AI may be fed with any suitable heating medium and independently regulated.

An advantage with the drying apparatus according to the invention is the possibility to D- erate it continuously by aid of only one channel, divided into an inlet and an outlet duct. To this end two of the subchambers, for instance A1 and A2, are shut oif by closing their dampers I2, I5, I6 and 28 and all the other subchambers B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2, E1, E2, F1, F2, G1, G2, H1, H2, I1, I2, K1, K2, L1, L2,M1, M2, N1, N2, 01, 02 are connected to each other in series by openingtheir dampers I2 closing all their dampers I and I6 with exception of the damper I5 to the subchamber E1, the damper I6 to the subchamber 02 and the damper I6 between subchamber G2 and the compartment 22, the damper 26 closed, thedamper 21 opened and the damper 25 opened. I With the dampers arrangedin this manner and the subchambers loaded with material to be treated the drying medium in the duct 30, after startin the fan 33, passes the opening 29, enters the duct 5 and passes into the subchamber B1, where the goods are nearly dried. From subchamber B1 the drying medium passes the subchambers B2, C1, C2, G2 and enters the compartment 22. From compartment 22 it passes into subchamber H1 and further through the'subchambers H2, I1, O1 and into the subchamber 02. From this last mentioned subchamber the drying medium enters the duct 6, passes the opening 3I andescapes through the duct 32. V s

As soon as the material to be treated in the subchambers B1 and B is dried sufficiently and the subchambers A1 and A2 are loaded with fresh material to be treated the; damper I5 into the subchamber C1 is opened-ior fresh air from the duct 5, the subchambersB and B2 are shut off by closing their dampers I5, I6, I2, I2, andthe subchambers A1 and A2 are connected to .the subchambers inseries by openingv their dampers 28 and I6 and closing the damper 25. The drying medium now enters subchamber C1, passes I 02, .A1, A2 and escapes from subchamber A2 into the duct 6 and further out through the exhaust duct 32. The subchambers B1 and B2 are now ready to be unloaded of dried material and loaded with material to be dried. From the given example above it will be clear that the drying apparatus is" allowed to be operated continuously. Instead of operating all the subchambers in the drying apparatus in series it is possible to divide the number of subchambers in 2, 3 or more groups of subchambers in series and operate each group as a unit. In this case the groups are arranged in series and the inlet subchamber for fresh air in one group is separated from the outlet subchamber for moist air in another group of subchambers by a shut ofi pair of subchambers (for instance D1, D2). The inlet subchamber in each group is thereby in communication with the supply duct and the outlet subchamber in communication with the exhaust duct and all groups operated in parallel. After shutting ofi the two first subchambers in a group for unloading and reloading them, said two subchambers are connected to the vneidzgroup as last subchambers in that group and so on. By this arrangement the groups are arranged in succession after each other in the direction of flow of the drying medium.

Instead of regarding the chambers A1 and A2 or B1 and B2 etc. as two subchambers they may even be regarded as one chamber A1,2 or B1,2 only divided by a partition 9 in two parts. Each such chamber A1,2 etc. is then provided with openings I3, I4 and II and each opening with a damper I5, I6 and I2, respectively. When the drying apparatus is arranged to be operated in two or more groups each group may have the same number of chambers.

We wish it understood that our invention is not limited to any specific construction, arrangement or form of the parts, as it is capable of numerous modifications and changes without departing from the spirit of the claims.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent, is:

1. A drying apparatus comprising two main chambers providing a channel between said chambers extending substantially the length thereof and separated therefrom by dividing walls, said channel being divided by a longitudinal wall into an inlet and an outlet duct for a drying medium, end partitions providing a compartment at each end of said outlet duct forming a part of the duct, partitions in said main chambers dividing each main chamber into a number of subchambers, means for establishing communication in series between all said subchambers, means for establishing and shutting ofi communication between said subchambers singly and said inlet and outlet ducts, respectively,

means for establishing and shutting off communication between said compartments and the central part of said outlet duct and between each of said compartments and the outermost subchamber in each main chamber at the adjacent end of the apparatus. l

2. A drying apparatus comprising two main chambers providing a channel comprising two ducts separated from each other by a dividing wall to form an inlet and an outlet duct for a drying medium, a compartment at each end of said outlet duct forming a part of the channel, partitions in said main chambers dividing each main chamber into a number of subchambers, means for establishing communication in series between all said subchambers in each of said main chambers, means for establishing and shutting off communication between said subchambers singly and said inlet and outlet ducts, respectively, means for establishing and shutting off communication between said compartments and the central part of said outlet duct and between each of said compartments and the outermost subchamber in each main chamber at the adjacent end of the apparatus, means for admitting drying medium into the central part of said inlet duct and means for escaping drying medium from the central part of said outlet duct.

3. A drying apparatus comprising two main chambers providing a channel comprising two ducts separated from each other by a dividing wall to form an inlet and an outlet duct for a drying medium, acompartment at each end of said outlet ductforming a part of the channel, partitions in said main chambers dividing each main chamber into an even number of subchambers, means for establishing communication in series between all said subchambers in each of said main chambers-means for establishing and tVVGYl-eahdf said com ai tnieiitsa 1 most subchamber in each main chamber at the tions in 1 said main chambers "dividing ea res ectively,means rcresfiabiisnmg oil 'commu ieaucn between c andfthe"centralpartof said ontie a adjacent end of the apparatus, rne'ans for admitting dryingiriediu'm iritb nae-cerium part or said outletforming a partof the iihann'e t1- c'h'ainber into'anumber of-subdli'ambei is m ns fdrestablishi'ng communicatidfi iii-"series; between all said subchambers'in -each of said main chambers, means for establishing and shutting off communication between said subchambers in: an and said'inlet' andoiitltfiiits, respectively,

means for establishing and shutting off con-imunication between said compartments and the central part of said outlet duct and between each of said compartments and the outermost subchamber in each main chamber at the adjacent end of the apparatus, means for admitting drying medium into the central part of said inlet duct and means for escaping drying medium from the central part of said outlet duct, a tan in said means for escaping drying medium from the central part of said outlet duct.

5. A drying apparatus comprising two main chambers providing a channel comprising two ducts separated from each other by a dividing wall to form an inlet and an outlet duct for a drying medium, a compartment at each end of said outlet duct forming a part of the channel, partitions in said main chambers dividing each main chamber into an even number of subchambers, means for establishing communication in series between all said subchambers in each of said main chambers, means for establishing and shutting off communication between saidlsub; chambers in pairs and said inlet and outletdu'cts,

respectively, means for establishing and shutting off communication between said compartments and the central part of said outlet duct and between each of said compartments and the outermost subchamber in each main chamber at; the adjacent end of the apparatus, means for'adi'nitting drying medium into the central part of said inlet duct and means for escaping drying medium from the central part of said outlet duct, a fan in said means for escaping drying medium from the central part of said outlet duct.

6. A drying apparatus comp-rising two main chambers providing a channel comprising two ducts separated from each other by a dividing wall to form an inlet and an outlet duct for a drying medium, a compartment at each end of said outlet duct forming a part of thechannel, partitions in said main chambers dividing each main chamber into an even number of subchambers, means for establishing communication in series between all said subchambers in each of said main chambers, means for establishing and shutting oif communication between said subchambers in pairs and said inlet and outlet ducts, respectively, means for establishing and shutting off communication between said compartments and the central part of said outlet duct and be- Ween es mlis't siibchamber each main clrialn'ber at t adjacent end of the apparatus,internal heating members extending substantially the" length viii-e communication in series between said subchambe alvs in-alte'rnate openings in pa tito s,- said -divii:1ing wall prev-icing openings communicating between-' said inlet duct and alternate intermediate subchambers, and providing oiitlt "openings communicating bstween said outlet duct and alternate intermediate subchambers, said dividing walls having openings therein providing communication with the end subchambers and said compartments, and said end partitions having openings connecting said compartments with said outlet duct.

8. A drying apparatus comprising two main chambers, providing a channel between said chambers extending substantially the length thereof and separated therefrom by dividing Walls, said channel being divided by a longitudi nal horizontal wall into an inlet and an outlet duct, end partitions adjacent the ends of said inlet duct providing end compartments, said outlet duct providing a main outlet, and said inlet duct providing a main inlet, a plurality of vertical partitions in said chambers providing end subchambers and intermediate subchambers, said latter partitions having staggered openings therein to provide communication in series between said subchambers, valves in alternate openings in said partitions, said dividing wall providing inlet openings between said inlet duct and alternate subchambers, and providing outlet openings between said outlet duct and alternate subchambers, said dividing walls having openings therein providing communication with the end subchamber and end compartments, and said end partitions having openings connecting said compartments with said outlet duct, and valves in said openings in the dividing walls and end partitions.

9. A drying apparatus comprising: two main chambers separated by dividing walls providing a channel therebetween and extending substantially the length of said chambers, said channel being divided by a longitudinal wall into an inlet and an outlet duct for a drying medium, partitions in said main chamber dividing each main chamber into an even number of subchambers,

means for establishing communication in series between all said subchambers in each of 'said main chambers, means for establishing and 'duct, and means for establishing and'shutting -saicr ce'nipartments and tliebii'te" thereof and s'epar'ated therefrom by dividingd channel being divided bya Iongitu'di:

affllfifs and inter-mediate subchambers," partitions having openings therein to proofi communication between the endmost subchamber in each main chamber and the respective compartments.

10. A drying apparatus comprising: two main chambers providing walls, one at each side of a channel, said channel being divided into a supply duct for drying medium and an exhaust duct for moist medium, partitions in said main chambers dividing them into an even number of subchambers, each partition having an opening communicating the subchambers in each of said main chambers with one another, said openings being alternately locate'dadjacent a wall of said channel and adjacent an outer wall of said main chamber, a damper in each of said openings located adjacent a wall of the channel, said channel walls having openings between alternate subchambers and said supply and exhaust ducts, respectively, said latter openings in the walls of the channel being vertically displaced from each other so that of two opposed subchambers located on opposite sides of the channel only one is provided with an opening into the supply'duct and the other only with an opening into the exhaust duct, two dividing walls in said exhaust duct providing a compartment at each end of the exhaust duct, each of said dividing walls having an opening therein and a damper in each opening, each of the walls between said compartments and the adjacent endmost subchambers having an opening, and a damper in each of said last mentioned openings.

HARRY DANIEL HALLENBERG.

HANN'U JYRKI AURAMO.

. REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,060,425 Buhrer Apr. 29, 1913 1,592,946 Knight July 20, 1926 1,685,047 Fuller Sept. 18, 1928 1,718,845 Younger June 25, 1929 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 15,108 Great Britain 1903 

